02 April 2012

Excuse Me! Am I An Indian?

By Chitra Ahanthem


How do I cope with being on the fringes of being an Indian and an alien in a country that refuses to embrace me and my brethren, asks Chitra Ahanthem

I am a royally confused person right now. All my identification papers say I am an Indian but I am not too sure whether I am indeed an Indian national. It starts with the fact that I have facial features that are "un-Indian" and that my origins are from a region that people in the rest of the country are more likely to locate somewhere in the Orient.

It gets complicated given that there are some 40-odd armed groups in Manipur alone (where I come from) who are supposedly fighting for their own homelands and at one point of time were fighting to secede from the country. The latter bit is complex since most groups have suspiciously kept silent on the secession bit and instead taken to training their guns (literally) on the common man. The few who do know of the region are wary over my Indianness. They sneer and ask me straight on my face, "So, you don't consider yourself an Indian?"

How do I begin to tell them that the great Indian love for Bollywood films has got to me so bad that a ban on Hindi films in 2000 by an armed group in Manipur led me to start writing?

How do I convince them that when another armed group banned "Indian clothes" for girls and women in the state, I went on with my life dressed in salwar suits while rumours flew thick that women not wearing the traditional dress (phanek) were having their dresses shredded by razor blades?

How do I tell them that every time I write about the freedom of choice, I am labelled an outsider in my community? And, how do I cope with being on the fringes of being an Indian and an alien in a country that refuses to embrace me and my brethren on one hand and accuses me of being the great betrayer of a community that carries the angst of being discarded?

I have listened to too many anecdotes and emotional outpourings of how it feels to be an alien but cannot identify with that feeling of marginalisation. It may have to do with the fact that I have lived in Imphal, the capital of Manipur in the north-eastern part of the country all my life except for a three-year stint in Chandigarh where I did my graduation.

It was then the time of four day-long road and train journeys from Imphal to Guwahati (by road) and then on to Delhi  by train and then Chandigarh by road again. The train journeys were fun for me: inevitably someone would come up and try to chat up with our group.  Sometimes it would be a child or a young man or an adult or a senior citizen.

Every one of them would ask "Where are you from?".

If I said "Imphal", they would say, "Oh! In Nepal?" and if I said "Manipur", they would get back with, "Is that in Japan /China/Thailand?"

I eventually ended up carrying a diary with a map of India  and would point out where I came from. And I would wonder what they were being taught in their geography classes!

On the few occasions that I have been called a "Chinky", I have thrown back a Manipuri terminology they would never be able to decipher, "mayang thok". Mayang interestingly is how Manipuris label outsiders in our state while 'thok' pertains to something frivolous/not to be taken seriously.

Looking "un-Indian" also had its "advantages": like the time I was put up in a five-star hotel in Delhi while attending a media seminar and I was given seven-star treatment by their event co-ordinator who thought I was some stinking rich foreign tourist who just might be interested in booking their hotel as a venue for a New Year party. I loved the way her jaw dropped when at the end of my stay, I said to her in Hindi that I had enjoyed my stay at the hotel.

Once I head out of the country, immigration officials arch their eye-brows at the Indian passport I carry. In South East Asian countries, they speak to me in their various languages.

My first trip abroad was to Bangkok and the reception folks had a banner with my name but when I happily walked up to them waving away merrily, they looked right through me! They were looking out for a salwar/sari clad, bindi/bangle donning, sharp-nosed and big-eyed person, and my small eyes and small nose just did not fit their mental picture of an 'Indian'.

On a more serious note, I have heard horror stories of men driving past girls from the region in the streets of Delhi, shouting out abuses and from one account of a friend, having a beer bottle thrown at her. I have been lucky in a sense: I have never been physically targeted and have a thick skin when it comes to the leers and the taunts that I have been subjected to over the years during my visits to the city.

I tell myself they should be ashamed to be Indians for not knowing their fellow countrymen. But many others from the region react with a bitter after-taste and say that "mainland Indians" will never make them feel they belong to this country.

Some years ago, the Delhi police came out with a booklet called 'Security tips for northeast students/ visitors in Delhi', which went to great length to lay down guidelines for people from the region for "their own safety".

The manual said people from the region should not call attention to themselves, that girls from the region should not wear revealing clothes and not go out on their own. The best (?) line in that manual was the one on not "cooking 'smelly' food without creating a 'ruckus' in the neighbourhood". I got a sneaky feeling that the handout inspired the recent Gurgaon police directive to its women population to stay indoors in the evening.

Cut to March 2012, and Delhi police are on the look out for anyone with small eyes and snubbed noses, who are likely to be accosted or picked up. A Tibet an activist immolated himself in a bid to call attention to the cause of Tibet in the light of the visit by the Chinese premier to the country and the city, and Delhi police stepped in by rounding up Tibetan refugees as "precautionary measures".

The collateral damage touched people from the north-eastern region, going by news reports in some national dailies. While social networking sites are already buzzing with sarcasm, anger and indignation, the interesting bit was that one national newspaper, while quoting a Manipuri, described the person as a "Manipuri national".

The Delhi high court has now stepped in with a directive to the Delhi police not to harass people from the Northeast and Ladakh because of their facial similarity with Tibetans.

But there is more sense in taking up precautionary measures and I am going underground in Delhi by taking to the Delhi Metro with a vengeance just so I won't be picked up or hounded!

And then I ask myself, "Am I Indian?"

Tibet is in Mizoram ... or Meghalaya Probably

By Anand Soondas

After so many years in Delhi, I've finally understood the problem with a narrow pair of eyes.

It stops others from seeing you too clearly.

Which is why the big-eyed cops of the Delhi Police mistook Manipuris and Nagas, Mizos and Khasis to be Tibetans, and asked them for a passport in their own land.

These people, they failed to make out in bright daylight, just happen to be citizens of our country.

In fact, some of these distant states are so much in India without really being a part of it that many over there, tired of the inescapability of it all, would now like to actually break away.

Apart from the fact that we should increasingly be getting used to the idea of more and varied kinds of protests - over Facebook, Twitter, as graffiti, through blogs and mass text messages, even desi versions of WikiLeaks; the candle-holding and placard-waving is, of course, always there - what was most striking about the attack on north-easterners by cops fearing trouble during the BRICS meet was that there was no apology after the affront.

The courts did frown, censuring the police for "racial profiling" and for sending a bunch of Tibetans, most of them young students, straight to jail. But it is not just the cops who are doing the racial profiling.

That is truly India's default setting. The moment someone doesn't fit the general - mainstream, middle-India, call it what you will -specifications of cuisine, costume and culture, the three deadly Cs that can immediately make you invisible in a crowd, persona non grata, the labeling begins quickly, frenetically and loudly.

It makes a vice-chancellor of a university in Hyderabad say that the trick to control use of drugs in the campus is to start with a Sema and not a Shah.

It makes a room full of seemingly decent people in a Delhi office suddenly go tribal-hunting, cracking dog-meat jokes along the way. It makes landlords turn away tenants in Chennai, and taxi drivers charge exorbitant rates in Kolkata.

Things are bad now. But they were worse till even a decade ago. The enormous number of people from India's northeast, along with the thousands who have migrated from Darjeeling and Sikkim each year in search of food, security and career in the booming hubs hundreds of miles away, have after all these years made our movies, music, sports and business sectors, especially the service and BPO industries, begin to acknowledge their presence.

Often grudgingly. So we have lead characters with names like Phunsuk Wangdu, a Ladakhi, in one of our biggest films of all time. And we have the Shillong Chamber Choir perform across the country and abroad to ecstatic applause.

But even here we sometimes get things wrong. An article in a national English daily (i'm not too sure if it wasn't my own TOI), Meiyang Chang was mentioned as a shining example of the north-easterner's successful foray into national consciousness, with his tentatively successful stint as a singer, TV host and bit-role actor in Hindi movies.

The truth is that the Chinese boy is from Dhanbad which, unfortunately, is not a part of the northeast yet.

Beijing would have been upset at the blatant appropriation had not Indian reality shows with Chinese-origin people been so low on its foreign affairs priority index.

That happens all the time - in Agneepath, there is a scene in which Priyanka Chopra presents 'Chinese' girls for her beauty parlour to appreciative mohalla-wallahs in Mumbai. When Hrithik Roshan speaks to one of them asking where she is from, she replies in Nepali. How does it matter seems to be the point being made. A Mizo is a Khasi is an Arunachali is a Tripuri.

To be fair, though, the fact that these regions and their people had been practically closed to, and from, the rest of India till even the '80s and the '90s, doesn't make it easy for populations in our other towns and cities to deal in appropriate ways with this group of completely different-eating, different-talking and different-looking men and women.

The exodus, nonetheless, has begun and is only getting more urgent with time. We might as well get used to it and give them the space and dignity they deserve. We can start by not asking them for passports, by not calling them 'chinkies', sometimes even 'chowmein' and 'momo', by not confusing them with Asians and other Mongoloid-featured foreigners, and by not cracking bow-and arrow jokes in our ties and suits.

Don't harass people from Northeast, Ladakh: HC to Delhi police

A day after a Tibetan succumbed to his injuries after he set himself ablaze ahead of Chinese President Hu Jintao’s visit to the Capital for the BRICS summit, the Delhi High Court stepped in on Thursday to ensure protection of human rights of all individuals, including protesting Tibetans, and restrained the police from treating those detained as criminals and lodging them in Tihar Jail.

A Bench of Acting Chief Justice A K Sikri and Justice Rajiv Sahai Endlaw also ordered the police to immediately stop “indiscriminate hounding of Tibetans in the national capital”, and asked them to immediately shift the detained persons from Tihar to Ambedkar Bhawan if they were not released by Friday morning.

“They are not criminals and cannot be treated like them. All of them have been arrested under a preventive order. It is the duty of the police not to harass people in the name of maintaining law and order in the city,” said the bench.

Advocate Anant K Asthana and other lawyers had brought up the issue before the bench on Thursday morning, seeking imminent attention of the court. They pleaded a judicial order was required to ensure that basic human rights of the individuals are not violated.

The application alleged that the police had resorted to indiscriminate hounding and were not only questioning but also detaining all those who they thought had “Tibetan features.”

“People from India’s Northeastern states and those from Ladakh are scared to step out of their houses while police go on the rampage to detain and arrest everyone who has any resemblance with Tibetans,” Asthana contended.

Taking on record his submissions, the court had subsequently called upon Pawan Sharma, the standing counsel for Delhi Police, and asked him about the police actions.

Sharma assured the court that he will pass on all requisite directives to the department, and will ensure there was no harassment. “We will also release all those detained at 10.45 am tomorrow morning,” he told the court.

The court also permitted a group of lawyers to meet those persons who were arrested and lodged in Tihar Jail, or detained in police stations, to find out whether they are from Tibet or the Northeast, and also separate the juveniles from them.

The court, however, refused to restrain police from detaining the Tibetan protesters to maintain law and order.

Two days before Chinese President Jintao’s scheduled arrival in Delhi for the BRICS summit, 27-year-old Tibetan activist, Jampel Yeshi, had immolated himself during a protest at Jantar Mantar. He died on Wednesday.

India’s AIDS Demographic Profile Shifts

By Vidya Krishnan

Marking a dramatic shift in the demographic profile of people with AIDS, migrant workers and their wives have emerged as a high-risk group (HRG) for contracting the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with an infection rate surpassing that of injecting drug users, commercial sex workers and homosexual men, according to the latest government data.

The change is accompanied by a significant geographical shift from the south and north-east—traditionally considered high-risk—to states in other parts of India such as Maharashtra in the west, Bihar and Orissa in the east and Rajasthan in the north, which now collectively contribute nearly 50% to the new HIV infections.

The data was collected before the roll-out of the next phase of the National AIDS Control Programme, or NACP-IV. The programme, which will start from April, has been submitted to the Planning Commission for approval.

Experts say the findings reflect increasing promiscuity, especially among the migrant population. The emergence of new HRGs and geographies will require a redeployment of resources and a shift in the focus of NACP, which has succeeded in arresting the spread of HIV in states once considered to be the most vulnerable to the virus, they said.

According to the World Health Organization’s 2010 report, India is home to about 2.45 million HIV-infected people.

“Without making any moral judgements, we note that the disease profile is a reflection of the social fibre. Our data reveals that the majority of new infections are coming from migrant workers in the unorganized sector,” said Pragya Mishra, technical officer with the National AIDS Control Organisation (Naco). “Migrants labourers stay away from their families for long periods and tend to be more promiscuous. The rate of infections among housewives who are monogamous has gone up considerably,” with the virus being transmitted by their migrant labour husbands.

As recently as three years ago, injecting drug users, commercial sex workers and men who have sex with other men were considered to be at high risk of being infected by the HIV virus, she noted.

The drastic change in demography is evident in Andhra Pradesh, which was home to the highest number of HIV-infected people in India in the previous phase of the programme, NACP-III (2006-2011).

The sample surveys conducted in Andhra Pradesh indicate a significant decline in the overall prevalence of HIV across districts. Sample surveys in the state indicate that housewives are more at risk of catching the infection than the traditional HRGs, said an official at the Andhra Pradesh State AIDS Control Society (APSACS).

“Due to focused intervention, prevalence among HRGs has drastically come down,” said Kailash Aditya, joint director at APSACS. “In the future, the HRGs will be those who indulge in casual sex instead of the groups that were traditionally considered high-risk. To some extent, this shift in disease prevalence is due to the societal changes such as live-in relationships and the general increase in promiscuity.”

APSACS is turning its focus from the traditional HRGs to families of migrant labourers by launching a special project called Pehchaan.

According to the sample surveys in Andhra Pradesh, HIV prevalence among female sex workers decreased from 11% in 2008 to 7% in 2011. Among injecting drug users, the prevalence rate came down from 7% to 3% in that period. The most significant reduction, however, has been among homosexual men, with the rate dropping from 23% in 2008 to 10% in 2011.

Another shift in focus concerns the transgenders, who will, for the first time, be included in NACP-IV. Transgender refers to people whose gender identity, expression, or behaviour does not conform to that typically associated with the sex assigned at birth.

“The next phase will have increased focus on transgendered persons, with specific interventions designed to suit their needs,” said Dola Mohapatra, national director at ChildFund India, which collaborated with Naco and APSACS for their work among HIV-infected children in Andhra Pradesh.

Naco was launched in India in 1992 with the objective of slowing the spread of HIV to reduce future morbidity and mortality among the infected population.

Agatha Sangma Asks Delhi Police To Show Sensitivity Towards NE People


Agatha SangmaNew Delhi, Apr 2 : Union Minister Agatha Sangma today asked the Delhi Police to show "sensitivity and respect" in dealing with people in the wake of reports that sleuths are questioning any person with "Tibetan features" as part of their efforts to prevent protests during Chinese President Hu Jintao's visit.

Sangma, who represents Meghalaya's Tura constituency, also said people have every right to protest peacefully and it was "sad" that the people from the Northeast face problems from the Delhi Police.

"Sensitivity should be there when dealing with people. I wouldn't say that it should be only because people are from Northeast and people are from Tibet," the Minister of State for Rural Development, who belongs to Nationalist Congress Party, told reporters outside Parliament House.

"If people are protesting peacefully, they have every right to do so. I think it is very important that the Delhi Police should treat them with little more respect... and little more calmer approach," she said reacting to reports that Northeast people were harassed in markets, residential areas and streets and some of them taken for questioning.

"It is a sad thing that some of the people from the Northeast face problems," Sangma said.
29 March 2012

Mizo Police The Best in India

Aizawl, Mar 29 : The Mizoram police department is one of the best in India and because of this the state police personnel have been deployed even outside the state, said Mizoram sports minister Zodintluanga while inaugurating Mizoram Police Sports Meet  at Mualpui in Aizawl.

“Because of their perseverance and devoting nature for the state, the people of Mizoram are safe and living without fear with peace in their minds,” said the minister.

Expressing the possibility of closer ties between sports and police department, he said sports persons in the police department can also participate at the North East level and national level. Zodintluanga thanked the police sportsmen who bagged medals at the recently held Muay Thai Championship in Bangkok.

“The Mizoram police is indeed doing a great job in maintaining peace and tranquility in the state. Securing the safety of the citizens and providing an efficient and just administration at all levels of governance has been a top priority of the Mizoram police,” the minister added.

Meanwhile, a senior police officer informed NNN that  there has been no major outbreak of law and order in the State during the past years mainly due to the concerted efforts of the efficient law enforcing agencies of Mizoram, non-governmental organisations, religious institutions, the media and the general public.

The police force is being provided with the latest equipment, advanced weaponry, efficient fleet of vehicles and building infrastructures to enhance their efficiency and effectiveness under the Police Modernization Scheme, the officer added.

“Mizoram is one of the frontrunners in implementation of the Crime and Criminal Tracking and Network System (CCTNS) Project in the country. The Economic Offences Wing and the Anti-Human Trafficking Unit have managed to solve a number of cases pertaining to economic offences, cyber crimes and human trafficking during this year,” claimed the police officer.

UN Rapporteur To Submit Northeast Human Rights Report

Guwahati, Mar 29 : The United Nations will soon send recommendations to the Central government on the issues of human rights violations in the northeast. Visiting the region for the first time, Chirstof Heyns, UN special Rapporteur has received cases of alleged rights violation in NE states.

Heyns said he will would address the grievances of the victims of human rights abuse and submit a report to the Centre. "I am here to study and receive cases of rights violation. The process is not intended to change the law but to submit recommendations to the government for appropriated action," he said.

Accusing the state security forces of killing many in fake encounters, Manab Adhikar Sangram Samiti (MASS) of Assam told Heyns about how rights are crushed in the state. "There were many cases like Namsai, where three youths were killed in alleged fake encounters. Moreover, the state has witnessed the killing of human right activist Parag Das. MASS has also asked the UN to act on the draconian Arm Forces (Special Power) Act in force in the region," said Aditya Lahkar, MASS secretary general.

Advocate Sabda Rabha who presented a paper on 'Extra Judicial killing of children in NE India' before the UN representative said: "In many cases National Human Rights' Commission guidelines are not adhered to. I have submitted a report on this." Heyns also took note of the growing killing of women in rural Assam in the name of witch hunting and other superstitions.
28 March 2012

Mizoram Forms Panel For Border Disputes With Assam, Tripura

Aizawl, Mar 28 : The Mizoram government has formed a five-member committee to resolve the boundary disputes with neighbouring Assam and Tripura, an official said Tuesday.

"The boundary committee headed by former minister C. Chawngkunga would study the long-running inter-state border line row and would make recommendations to the state government at the earliest," a senior land revenue and settlement department official told reporters.

According to the official, the state boundary committee was constituted last week after the central government has ignored the pleas of the state government to form a boundary commission for resolving the disputes.

The long unsettled Mizoram-Assam, Meghalaya-Assam and Arunachal Pradesh-Assam boundary disputes occasionally creates troubles between the villagers and officials of these states.

However, a senior Tripura government official, when contacted, told IANS that the state government is not aware of any boundary disputes with Mizoram.

Meghalaya was formed in January 1972 while Mizoram became a state in 1987. Tripura and Manipur were sovereign princely states, which became part of India.

Myanmarese Police Officials Learn English in Mizoram

Aizawl, Mar 28 : Twenty-eight Myanmarese police officials are undergoing one-month crash course in English at Champhai town on the Mizoram-Myanmar border, as part of an agreement between India and the neighboring country.

The police officials, led by Inspector P I Thein Zau were all graduates and second lieutenants, an official statement said. The course began yesterday.

They are being given training in English language by principal of DIET, Champhai, R Lalthianghlima, the statement said.

The programme was an implementation of the agreement made at the border talks held between India and Myanmar on October 18 last year.

Two teachers of Champhai schools were working as interpreters as the Myanmarese officials could neither speak English nor Mizo.