30 August 2011

Madras HC Stays Execution Of Rajiv Killers



Chennai, Aug 30 :
In a major relief for three convicts in the Rajiv Gandhi assassination case, the Madras High Court on Tuesday stayed their hanging which was scheduled on September 9. Hearing their mercy petition the High Court gave interim relief for eight weeks to Murugan alias Sriharan, Santhan and Perarivalan alias Arivu.

The Centre will file a counter affidavit in the case within eight weeks.

Meanwhile, the Tamil Nadu Assembly also adopted a resolution moved by the J Jayalalithaa government urging the President to consider the clemency petition and commute their death sentence to life sentence.

The three convicts filed a petition on the grounds that the President of India took 11 years to reject their mercy pleas. Senior Counsel Ram Jethmalani appeared for the convicts in a case that has political overtones especially in Tamil Nadu.

K Perarivalan alias Arivu is the only Indian amongst the three men who are facing the death sentence in the Rajiv Gandhi assassination case on September 9.

The families of the death row convicts hope political and legal intervention could stop the hanging.

Irom Sharmila Must Reach Out To People: GK Pillai

Irom Sharmila

Shillong, Aug 30
: Irom Sharmila, fasting for the last 11 years for the repeal of the Armed Forces Special Powers Act (AFSPA), must "reach out to people across the country" like anti-corruption activist Anna Hazare to make her cause known, says former union home secretary G.K. Pillai.

AFSPA enables security forces to shoot at sight and arrest anybody without a warrant if an area is declared disturbed. Sharmila is currently in an isolated room of Manipur's Jawarharlal Nehru Hospital.

"It is a question of how you reach out to people. AFSPA is applicable only in Jammu and Kashmir and in the northeastern states. Corruption is pricking people everywhere and that's why Anna Hazare had a high moral ground," Pillai told IANS Monday.

"She (Sharmila) has to reach out to the people across the country. She has to say why she is on fast," said Pillai.

"AFSPA should be repealed and the government should have a humane law," Pillai added.

Dubbed the 'Iron Lady of Manipur', Sharmila began her fast Nov 2, 2000, after witnessing the killing of 10 people by the army at a bus stop near her home. Now around 40, Sharmila was arrested shortly after beginning her protest -- on charges of attempted suicide. She was sent to a prison hospital in Imphal where began a daily routine of being force-fed via a nasal drip.

Sharmila is frequently set free by local courts but once outside, she resumes her hunger strike and is rearrested.

AFSPA was passed in 1990 to grant special powers and immunity from prosecution to security forces to deal with raging insurgencies in northeastern states and in Jammu and Kashmir.

The act is a target for local human rights groups and international campaigners such as Amnesty International, which say the law has been an excuse for extrajudicial killings.

Amnesty has campaigned vociferously against the legislation, which it sees as a stain on India's democratic credentials and a violation of international human rights laws.

Anna To Meet Irom Sharmila Soon

Anti-corruption activist Anna Hazare, social activist

New Delhi, Aug 30 : Social activist Anna Hazare will soon visit Manipur to meet civil rights activist Irom Sharmila, RTI activist and Team Anna member Akhil Gogoi said in Guwahati after his return from Delhi.

Gogoi also said that Anna had extended his moral support to the Iron Lady of Manipur, who
has been on hunger strike for over 10 years now, demanding the repeal of the Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act in the state.

After being released from hospital, Anna would return back to his village in Maharashtra and post this he would be visiting Assam and the North East to commence the next round of democratic movement.

On the first day of his visit to Northeast, Hazare will join an anti-dam protest in Assam and would visit Manipur the next day, Gogoi said.

Manipur Sadar Hills Meeting Begin

Decision on agitation only after consultations are over: Committee

A rally at Noney in Manipur on Friday, protesting against the demand for creation of the Sadar Hills district. Picture by UB Photos

Imphal, Aug 30 : The Sadar Hills District Demand Committee has started seeking the opinion of the public on the next course of agitation by holding public meetings from today.

The first meeting was organised at Gangpiphai of Sadar Hills along the Imphal-Senapati highway. A large number people residing in and around the area attended the meeting.

Leaders of the demand committee and an MLA from Sadar Hills, Haoklholet Kipgen, attended the meeting.

A source in the demand committee said more meetings would be held before the committee took a final decision.

“A final decision would be taken on whether the agitation should continue further or be suspended temporarily only after the meetings are over. No decision was taken today,” the source said.

Another public meeting will be held at Kangpokpi, the headquarters of Sadar Hills, tomorrow. The committee also plans to hold meetings at Saikhul and Keithelmanbi to seek peoples’ opinion.

The decision to seek public opinion on the agitation came after the Okram Ibobi Singh government constituted an official-level committee to examine the boundary and police jurisdiction of the proposed boundary.

The official committee was asked to submit its report within three months. President Pratibha Patil and Prime Minister Manmohan Singh also assured a delegation which met them in New Delhi that the matter would be looked into.

Sources said Ibobi Singh constituted the committee after the Centre “advised” him to resolve the Sadar Hills issue.

The Sadar Hills District Demand Committee launched its indefinite agitation on the midnight of July 31 to put pressure on Ibobi Singh government to create the district.

As a result of the strike, no vehicles, including trucks carrying essential items, were allowed along the Imphal-Dimapur and Imphal-Jiribam roads in Sadar Hills areas.

The situation worsened as the United Naga Council also imposed a blockade along these two highways from August 21 demanding that land belonging to Nagas should not be divided while creating Sadar Hills district.

As people in other areas of Manipur are reeling under the impact of the blockade, people in Sadar Hills are suffering too as all activities have come to a standstill, sources said.

Shops and business establishments have remained closed in the Sadar Hills areas since August 1.

Khasi Villagers Display No Sex Differences in Spatial Ability

Men’s spatial superiority takes cultural cues

Disputed study puts social forces at root of sex disparity

By Bruce Bower

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In a new study, Khasi villagers in Northeast India displayed no sex differences in spatial ability. Researchers suspect that Khasi culture, which is organized around females, largely erased men's spatial superiority observed in many other societies.

Culture may hold a spatial place in thought. Social forces profoundly influence people’s ability to think about three-dimensional objects, a new study suggests.

In tests of spatial ability, men traditionally outperform women. But men’s spatial superiority disappears among Northeast India’s Khasi villagers, say economist Moshe Hoffman of the University of California, San Diego and his colleagues. In Khasi society, youngest daughters inherit property, men forward earnings to wives or sisters, and females get as much schooling as males.

Among neighboring Karbi villagers, men display spatial-thinking advantages over women, similar to those in many Western societies, Hoffman’s team reports in an upcoming Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. In Karbi society, males inherit and own land and receive more education than females.

“These results show that nurture plays an important role in the gender gap in spatial abilities,” Hoffman says.

But some researchers who study sex differences in thinking view the study skeptically.

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PIECES OF MIND Villagers who assembled a four-piece horse puzzle have provided clues to cultural forces at the root of men's and women's spatial skills.M. Hoffman et al/PNAS 2011

It’s not clear that the study in fact measured spatial ability, remarks psychologist Richard Lippa of California State University, Fullerton. Hoffman and colleagues measured spatial ability as the time taken to solve a four-piece jigsaw puzzle. But they didn’t assess volunteers’ accuracy at mentally rotating 3D figures and performing other spatial tasks, Lippa notes.

The villagers’ puzzle-assembly time could reflect cautiousness, impulsiveness or a desire to please the researchers, not spatial ability, Lippa says.

Psychologist Diane Halpern of Claremont McKenna College in California agrees. “This new paper doesn’t tell us much about sex differences in spatial cognition.”

In Hoffman’s study, 1,279 Khasi and Karbi villagers received the equivalent of 25 percent of a day’s wage to solve a jigsaw puzzle of a horse. Standard spatial tests are too abstract for these villagers, but the horse puzzle requires mental rotation of picture fragments, Hoffman says.

Khasi men and women alike took an average of just over 30 seconds to put together the puzzle. Karbi men required an average of 42 seconds, versus 57 seconds for Karbi women.

Although better-educated villagers solved the puzzle faster, schooling leaves much of the group difference unexplained, the researchers say.

Findings from these Indian villagers miss the big picture of how sex differences in spatial thinking vary across nations, Lippa asserts. In a 2010 study, his group examined the scores of more than 200,000 people in 53 countries on tests of mental rotation and line-angle judgments.

Surprisingly, men’s spatial advantage was largest in rich countries with many educational and career opportunities for women. Spatial scores for both sexes declined to roughly equal levels in poor countries, in line with a previous study of poor families (SN: 11/19/05, p. 323).

Lippa’s study compared nations that differ in many respects, including culture, genetics and means of subsistence, Hoffman responds. The new study compares two societies identical on all dimensions except culture, he argues, allowing a conclusion that nurture affects sex differences in spatial ability.

Source: sciencenews.org

29 August 2011

OIL Upbeat Over Mizoram Project

Exploratory drilling starts in 2012

oil india rig mizoramDibrugarh, Aug 29 : Oil India Limited (OIL) is all set to explore and produce oil and natural gas in Mizoram after it received the “clearance to operate” from the state recently.

“We have received tremendous support from the Mizoram government and the people in general. We are hoping to find some significant hydrocarbon reserves in the state, as it falls under the same geological structure as that of Myanmar and Bangladesh, where large hydrocarbon reserves have been found,” OIL spokesperson Tridiv Hazarika said.

He added that the oil major had received support from organisations like the Young Mizo Association during the three public hearings on environmental issues conducted by the Pollution Control Board.

Hazarika said OIL, with 85 per cent participating interest, and Shiv-Vani Oil and Gas Exploration Services, with 15 per cent, has signed a production-sharing contract with the government of India for the exploration and production of hydrocarbons in the exploration block MZ-ONN-2004/1 falling in the Lunglei, Aizawl, Serchhip and Mamit districts of Mizoram under NELP-VI.

The contract designates OIL as the operator of the block, the total area of which is 3,213 square km. The capital city, Aizawl, lies 5km north of the northern boundary of the block.

“Exploratory drilling has not been carried out at any place in the block so far. Acquisition, processing and interpretation of two-dimensional seismic survey, gravity magnetic survey, geochemical survey has been done for the block MZ-ONN-2004/1 while three-dimensional surveys are in progress,” Hazarika said.

The company’s expectations are quite high given the fact that official data released by the Centre states that the block has huge hydrocarbon reserves of around 170 million tonnes. At present, the company is producing around 4 million tonnes of crude per annum from its Assam operations.

OIL is planning to carry out exploratory drilling and testing at five promising locations within the block areas during phase I (within 2012) and at another location by 2015. This will be done in accordance with the minimum work programme outlined in the production-sharing contract, with an aim to ascertain the techno-economic viability of hydrocarbon production in the block area for an eight-year period (2007-2015).

Hazarika, however, said the drilling of wells in Mizoram would cost almost four times more in comparison with the drilling cost in Assam, basically because of the lack of proper roads and the tough geographical terrain of the state.

According to an estimate, the company is going to spend around Rs 500 crore to drill the first five wells in the state.

“The days of easy oil are over across the globe. One has to be prepared to take very strong measures to strike hydrocarbon reserves today,” Hazarika said.

Paite’s At Home in Delhi

By PATRICIA MUKHIM

Artistes perform during the Paite festival

Those glued to 24x7 television news channels might be forgiven for believing that the entire population of Delhi is dancing to Anna Hazare’s tune. But that is hardly the case. Large swathes of Delhi remain unaffected by the Ram Lila gig. There are people who pursue their duties with a “business as usual” attitude. However, Anna and the Lokpal are definitely topics of avid conversation. Such conversations precede meetings called for other more mundane issues because this is one movement that is so “in your face,” that you can hardly ignore it; or do so at your own peril.

After all corruption is so all pervasive and those entrusted with the public trust are so disdainful of the janata that Anna and his cohorts are the only people who could make them do a reality check.

But let me come back to the point of this article. On Saturday, August 20, the 2,000-strong Paite community working and studying in Delhi held a cultural programme named North East Colours at Siri Fort Auditorium.

The programme was essentially aimed at bringing together the Paite people from all corners of Delhi for what is a celebration of togetherness. I was briefed by a senior at the function that there are today a number of tribes who have come under the larger umbrella of what is called “Zomi”. They include the Paite, Vaiphei, Zou, Simte, Tedimchin and Thangkhal.

The last time I wrote of this peculiar grouping phenomenon, I was greeted by a couple of angry mails. This time I am only quoting an insider and hope to get off without a rap on the knuckles. The same gentleman also proudly informed me that the Paite group is the first to have their own church at Dwarka in Delhi.

I had learnt early in my journalistic sojourns and forays into some of the backwaters of Manipur such as Churachandpur, Ukhrul, Senapati and Tamenglong that the government is an invisible entity.

Political scientists might observe that less government is better than too much government but that is if you are part of a developed nation where people have learnt to govern themselves. In the case of these hills of Manipur, it is a complete absence of government and with it also the absence of the rule of law. But whereas the latter is somehow managed by tribal institutions that adjudicated over local problems, the vacuum of governance was too palpable to be missed. Roads are in a bad shape and villages remain disconnected.

There are no schools and colleges worth their name. Districts continue to remain laggards even as the Manipur government gets away with the alibi that it is fighting insurgency and is, therefore, always on notice.

Green pastures

It is no surprise therefore that those who could somehow afford to escape this vicious trap of under-development, lack of good education, and who were therefore fuelled by the ambition to have exposure to a better life, quickly moved out of their nests and ventured into Shillong or Guwahati. Those who can do better make it to Delhi, Bangalore, Mumbai or Chennai.

Most do well in their studies and get absorbed in the IT sector or other multinational companies (MNCs). The Indian corporate sector is growing and MNCs setting up shop in this country offer opportunities that would never have opened up back home in Manipur.

Tomes have already been written about how every mall, every upmarket eating joint and nearly every back office of international firms, including those engaged in public relations and the beauty and cosmetics businesses, have some northeasterners cosily fitting into the ambience.

Either by design or default most of them come from the hills of Manipur.

This is not an assumption but information volunteered by these young people who have no qualms about doing so.

After all, they have a right to work with dignity despite the occasional glitches that all of us from the region are subjected to from ignoramuses who believe we are Southeast Asians or Chinese.

These young men and women are great as salespersons. The American Diner at the India Habitat Centre’s plush pub has a couple of northeasterners working and they do a good job as gracious hostesses.

No wonder they don’t have problems finding a job.

What, however, is also creditable about the tribes of Manipur is their determination to make it in life, come what may. At the Paite function I was introduced to Haulianlal Guite, who cleared his civil services examination in 2010 and was ranked 33rd in the qualifying list.

Raw gut

This is a great achievement. Haulianlal is only 23 years of age and wrote his UPSC exams after graduating from St Stephen’s in Delhi, with honours in philosophy. A beaming and confident Haulianlal said he was grilled for over 15 minutes at the personal interview. One of the commission members asked him whether he believed in reincarnation. Without batting an eyelid his witty reply was that there is a difference between what he believed and what is reality. Apparently the interview panel was impressed. Haulianlal said he knew then that he would get in.

Haulianlal’s parents are both doctors and posted in Delhi; so that perhaps gives him a distinct advantage over his peers who have had lesser exposure. But this is not to say that the others do not strive. Every year there are people from this and other hill tribes of Manipur who make it to the civil services and with good grades. Haulianlal is now awaiting his cadre posting.

At the ministry of home affairs is another Paite IAS officer, V. Vumlunmang, at the director level rank. He was probably handpicked by former Union home secretary G.K. Pillai, whose commitment to the cause of this region is unsurpassed. Pillai, who came as guest of honour at the Paite function, made no bones about the fact that officers from the region are integral to filling up the huge information gap that exists in this ministry about the Northeast.

Vumlunmang, too, studied in Mumbai and that is because his father was also in the civil services. Talk about national integration and you see it among the tribes of Manipur who seem to have blended very well with the Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore or Pune circuit.

Achievers

A young, articulate and good-humoured lady compere for the Paite cultural function kept the audience spellbound with her comments. She works as a public relations person for an international firm and says she prefers to remain in that sector as it is challenging and adventurous.

The Paite community in Delhi has a website called www.paite.org which lists the activities of the group, its achievements and keeps them connected. I wonder how many other groups from the region are as cyber savvy. Organisers of the cultural function, the Delhi Paite Indongta were magnanimous enough to invite cultural performances from all groups in the region. The Meiteis performed their Choubal dance but before the performance the leader of the dance troupe cautioned the audience that the Northeast is not just about song and dance. “We should not be a cultural zoo but move forward in other endeavours,” the dancer wisely proclaimed.

Indeed, the Northeast has come a long way from being an isolated, little known region disparaged and disconnected. People from here have made an impact in the consciousness of the average Indian and continue to seize the opportunity.

(The writer can be contacted at patricia17@rediffmail.com)

Migrants Outnumber Tribals in Manipur: Report

By Sobhapati Samom
 
manipur migrantsImphal, Aug 29 : Manipur Chief Minister O Ibobi Singh on Friday said the government will urge the Centre to re-introduce the Inner Line Permit(ILP) system or Inner Line (IL) Regulation in the State once the Cabinet takes a decision in this regard.

“Let the Cabinet first take a decision so that the government can urge the Centre”, said Ibobi while clarifying on a private members’ resolution by N Mangi on the re-introduction of ILP system in the State.

Ibobi also expressed the need to take certain precautionary measures to monitor influx in the State, particularly in the border town of Moreh. Opposition leader Radhabinod Koijam said there will be a demographic and social change if the government fails to regulate the influx in the State.

“Every village in my constituency has a Myanmarese. They settle here after their marriege with the local girls”, Opposition MLA Morung Makunga, who wished to have a regulatory system in the State to monitor entry of migrants, said.

Morung who represents Tengnoupal constituency in Manipur’s Chandel district bordering Myanmar, claimed that the total number of voters in his constituency has been surprisingly risen from 21,000 to 40,000.

According to a report compiled by United Committee Manipur ‘Influx of Migrants into Manipur’, the number of migrants (7,04,488) outnumbered the State’s indigenous tribal population (6,70,782) while the majority indigenous Meetei was just 9,18,626 (2001 census).

Another opposition MLA RK Anand said the situation took a grim turn when the ILP system was removed from the State in November 1950. Since then, the number of migrants has increased at a rapid rate. Presently ILP Regulation was in force in three NE States – Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland and Mizoram.

Blockade: Suspected blockade and bandh supporters set on fire one goods laden vehicle and one school building in two separate incidents late Friday night.

Police said a junior high school at Kangchup Chiru area under Saparmeina police station was burnt down around 9.30 pm while a rice carrying truck was set on fire near Senapati district headquarter around 11.30pm.

Meanwhile, the Manipur Chief Minister O Ibobi Singh has appealed to both the agitating groups to call off the blockades saying the government will take a decision on the district issue once the State Chief Secretary led Committee on Re-oganisation of Administration and Police District Boundary which was formed after a Cabinet decision on Tuesday, submits a report within three months.

Senior opposition member O Joy of Manipur People’s Party had moved a private member’s resolution for the constitution of a District Re-organisation Commission of Manipur for effective and efficient administration of the State on Friday.

Demanding a separate Sadar Hills district, Sadar Hills District Demand Committee had been imposing economic blockade on the two National Highways-39 and 53, since July 31 while UNC has imposed indefinite bandh on these highways and NH 150 since August 21 to protest the alleged move to bifurcate “Naga areas” in creating the district.